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اعتلای روند آموزش فنیحرفه ای در ایران | ||
فناوری آموزش | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49، دی 1397، صفحه 74-86 اصل مقاله (1.18 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jte.2018.3579.1899 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محمدصادق طاهرطلوع دل* 1؛ سیده اشرف سادات1؛ راضیه علی دهی راوندی2 | ||
1گروه معماری و شهرسازی ، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی، تهران.ایران | ||
2دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی، تهران، ایران | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 11 اسفند 1396، تاریخ بازنگری: 04 مرداد 1397، تاریخ پذیرش: 14 مرداد 1397 | ||
چکیده | ||
پیشینه و اهداف: آموزشهای فنیحرفهای، نقش مهمی را در توسعه اشتغال مولد، بهبود فضای کسب و کار، استفادهی بهینه از فرصتها و افزایش کارایی در اقتصاد جامعه بر عهده دارد. لذا افراد پس از به دست آوردن دانش و مهارتهای تخصصی در زمینههای مختلف میتوانند در شغلهای مناسب به فعالیت بپردازند و به عنوان کارآفرین پاسخگوی نیاز اصلی کشور در الویت گسترش آموزشها و مهارتهای فنیحرفهای باشند. یکی از مهمترین بخشهای نظام آموزشی هر کشور، برنامه نظام آموزش فنیحرفهای است. توجه به آن از جمله خط مشیهای اساسی کشورها برای تربیت نیروی انسانی کارآمد در سطح پیش از دانشگاه به شمار میآید. از سوی دیگر نیز نقش و اهمیت بهسزای آموزش فنیحرفهای در تحقق اهداف اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فردی از تیررس پژوهشها دور نمانده است. از دیرباز ارزیابی وضعیت عملکرد سازمانهای متصدی امر تربیت کارورزان و متخصصین کارآمد و ماهر در حوزه فنیحرفهای کشور، نشاندهنده ضرورت پرداختن به این امر به عنوان نیاز اصلی جامعه درحال توسعه ایران بوده است. لذا با بررسی وضعیت ضرورتهای ایجابی جامعه فنیحرفهای کشور در تامین نیروی انسانی کارآمد، به موضوع آسیبشناسی وضع موجود، پرداخته شده است. با در نظر گرفتن عوامل همراستا با اهداف راهبردی و تعاملات بین المللی (همچون نهادهای آیسسکو و یونیوک در سازمان ملل)، تدوین طرح مداخله برای بهبود شرایط حاضر الزامی میگردد. روش ها: روش پژوهش مقاله حاضر با بررسی توانمندی سازمانهای فعال آموزش فنیحرفهای در ایران و جمعآوری مستندات مربوط به اهداف و فعالیتهای سازمانهای سیاستگذار و مجری؛ تبیین میزان توجهات و حساسیتهای تخصصی تحقیق شده طی سالیان اخیر انجام پذیرفته است. جامعه آماری شامل تحقیقات انجام شده تاکنون و ابزار تحقیق تحلیل روند تحولات آموزش فنیحرفهای است. یافتهها: دستاورد تحقیق نیز، راهکار مناسب بهبود روند آموزش فنیحرفهای ایران میباشد. از مهمترین عوامل کارآمدسازی در این پژوهش؛ توجه به وضعیت جذب و اشتغال به میزان 21%، لزوم تحول نظام آموزشی به میزان 13% و فرآیند یاددهی- یادگیری به میزان 8.5% در کنار دیگر عوامل مشاهده شدهاند. نتیجهگیری: بررسی روند تحقیقات مربوط به آموزشهای فنیحرفهای در طی سالهای 1388 تا 1396 در سالیان اخیر نشان میدهد که اولویتهای تحقیق براساس شرایط روز جامعه فنیحرفهای به ترتیب عبارت از: ارائه راهکار، عوامل دروندادی و بروندادی، مطالعات تطبیقی، لزوم بازبینی و تحول الگوگیری با اهداف جهانی، بررسی وضعیت اشتغال و جذب هنرجویان، ویژگیهای شخصیتی هنرجویان، ارائه مدل استاندارد ارزیابی عملکرد، محیط آموزشی، بررسی کتب فنیحرفهای، عوامل ایجاد گرایش دانش آموزان، متغیرهای درونی اثرگذار بر عملکرد، بررسی عدم گرایش دانشآموزان به آموزش فنیحرفهای و نهایتاً موانع توسعه آموزش فنیحرفهای به طور مشخص تاثیرگذار آموزش فنیحرفهای در توسعه پایدار نظام فنیحرفهای کشور میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بهبود روند؛ آموزش فنی؛ آموزش حرفه ای؛ آیسسکو؛ یونیوک | ||
موضوعات | ||
آموزش فنی حرفه ای | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Promoting Process of Technical and Vocational Education in Iran | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
M.S. Taher Tolou Del1؛ S.A. Sadat1؛ R. Ali Dehi Ravandi2 | ||
1Department of Architecture, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran.,Iran | ||
2Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran. Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Background and Objective:Vocational technical education plays an important role in developing productive employment, improving the business environment, making the best use of opportunities and increasing efficiency in the community economy. Therefore, after acquiring specialized knowledge and skills in various fields, people can work in suitable jobs and as an entrepreneur meet the main needs of the country in the priority of expanding training and technical skills. One of the most important parts of any country's education system is the program of the vocational technical education system. Paying attention to it is one of the basic policies of the countries for training efficient human resources at the pre-university level. On the other hand, the important role of technical and vocational education in achieving economic, social and individual goals is not far from the scope of research. Since the late establishment of training organizations of interns and expert specialists in the country's technical and vocational fields, it has become necessary to indicative this issue as the main need of the developing society of Iran. Therefore, by assessing the need for professional technical community in the country, and to provide efficient manpower, the present situation has been addressed. Taking into account the factors consistent with strategic goals and international engagements (such as ISESCO & UNEVOC in the United Nations), it is necessary to develop to improve the current situation. Methods: The methodology of this research is to investigate the professional technical education ability in Iran and to collect documents related to the goals and activities of strategy originators and implementers; to explain the amount of attention and sensitivity of the researches conducted during recent years. The research tool has analyzed in development of vocational education. Findings:The research achievement is a suitable way to improve the process of professional technical education in Iran. The most important factors of efficiency include attention to the Attraction and employment status by 21%, the necessity to change the education system by 13% and finaly; the teaching-learning process by 8.5%, were alongside with other factors. Conclusion: A review of the research process related to technical and vocational training during the years 2009 to 2017 in recent years shows that the research priorities based on the current conditions of the technical and vocational community, respectively, are: providing solutions, input and output factors, comparative studies, the need to review and transform the modeling with global goals, review the employment status and student recruitment, students' personality traits, provide a standard model of performance appraisal, educational environment, review of technical and professional books, trends Students, internal variables affecting performance, examining students' tendency to technical-vocational education and finally barriers to the development of technical-vocational education. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Process Promoting, Technical Education, Vocational Education, ISESCO, UNEVOC | ||
مراجع | ||
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