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سیدعلیان, سیده محبوبه, صالحی, کیوان. (1400). تأثیر استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات در بهبود یادگیری ریاضیات دانش آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه. فناوری آموزش, 15(4), 683-694. doi: 10.22061/tej.2021.6700.2450
سیده محبوبه سیدعلیان; کیوان صالحی. "تأثیر استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات در بهبود یادگیری ریاضیات دانش آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه". فناوری آموزش, 15, 4, 1400, 683-694. doi: 10.22061/tej.2021.6700.2450
سیدعلیان, سیده محبوبه, صالحی, کیوان. (1400). 'تأثیر استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات در بهبود یادگیری ریاضیات دانش آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه', فناوری آموزش, 15(4), pp. 683-694. doi: 10.22061/tej.2021.6700.2450
سیدعلیان, سیده محبوبه, صالحی, کیوان. تأثیر استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات در بهبود یادگیری ریاضیات دانش آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه. فناوری آموزش, 1400; 15(4): 683-694. doi: 10.22061/tej.2021.6700.2450

تأثیر استفاده از وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات در بهبود یادگیری ریاضیات دانش آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه

فناوری آموزش
مقاله 6، دوره 15، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 60، مهر 1400، صفحه 683-694    اصل مقاله (727.82 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/tej.2021.6700.2450
نویسندگان
سیده محبوبه سیدعلیان؛ کیوان صالحی*
گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت: 25 اسفند 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 23 مرداد 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 09 شهریور 1400 
چکیده
پیشینه و اهداف: دانش و مهارت در ریاضیات به­ عنوان یکی از مهارت­ های فردی بسیار ضروری برای زندگی، در جوامع مدرن محسوب می‌شود. به­ همین ­دلیل، ریاضیات به­ عنوان یک رشته­ اصلی در آموزش و پرورش دیده می­شود. یکی از معضلات امروز در عرصه­ آموزش و پرورش، کاهش علاقه­ دانش­آموزان به یادگیری، به­ ویژه در دروسی چون ریاضی است. به ­رغم حوزه ­های وسیع کاربرد آن، ریاضی و تفکر وابسته به ریاضیات، در سراسر دنیا امری بغرنج تلقی می­شود و تدریس آن هم معمولاً کار سختی به‌شمار می­رود. بسیاری از دانش ­آموزان از ریاضیات اجتناب می ­کنند یا قابلیت و توانایی واقعی خود را در ریاضی کمتر از حد معمول نشان می­ دهند؛ لذا مطالعه­ عوامل مؤثر در یادگیری ریاضی در دهه­ های اخیر مورد توجه بسیاری از صاحب­نظران و متخصصان آموزش قرار گرفته است. با توجه به کمبود مطالعات در کشورمان ایران و اهمیّت مواد آموزشی و اثرات آن، مقایسه روش تدریس سنتی و مبتنی بر استفاده از فناوری و وسایل کمک ­آموزشی، ضرورت داشت تا میزان تأثیر آن را در بهبود یادگیری درس ریاضی دانش­ آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه مورد بررسی قرار دهیم. بدین ­منظور فرضیه‌ اصلی این مطالعه بر این اصل استوار است که استفاده از وسایل کمک‌آموزشی در یادگیری بهتر درس ریاضیات مؤثر است.
روش‌ها‌: بدین‌منظور از مطالعه‌ای با رویکرد کمّی، به روش شبه ­تجربی و طرح پیش­آزمون ـ پس ­آزمون با گروه گواه استفاده شد؛ جامعه­ آماری شامل تمامی دانش­آموزان دوره­ دوم متوسطه شهرستان مهدی ­شهر از استان سمنان هستند. آزمودنی­ ها 33 نفر از دانش ­آموزان دختر پایه­ دوازدهم رشته­ ریاضی هستند که از طریق نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب شده و با انتساب تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و گواه قرار گرفتند. گرد­آوری داده­ ها با استفاده از آزمون پیشرفت تحصیلی معلم­ ساخته با ملاحظات تأمین روایی و پایایی، انجام شد. برنامه آموزش بعد از رواسازی پروتکل مداخله، با استفاده از وسایل کمکی در 12 جلسه 2ساعته به صورت هفتگی بر روی گروه آزمایش اجرا شد.
یافته‌ها: برای تحلیل داده ­ها از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیری (مانکوا) و تک­ متغیری (آنکوا) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تدریس ریاضی با کمک وسایل کمک­ آموزشی و استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات، در میزان فراگیری دانش‌آموزان به طور معناداری مؤثر است. گروه­ ها قبل از اعمال متغیر مستقل، تقریباً همسان بودند؛ اما بعد از طی دوره­ آزمایش بین نمراتشان تفاوت معنادار دیده شد که می­توان آن را به روش آموزش مربوط دانست 0.05)>(P. مقدار مجذور اتای به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهد که 71 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته از متغیر مستقل ناشی شده‌است. بررسی‌های تکمیلی نشان داد که در سطح تک‌تک دروس، تفاوت مربوط به مباحث مقاطع مخروطی، و دایره، معنادار است 0.01)>P). بدین معنا که نمرات پس ­آزمون مقاطع مخروطی و دایره در گروه آزمایش به‌طور معناداری بالاتر از گروه گواه بوده که حاکی از تأثیر مثبت برنامه مداخله است. همچنین با توجه به نمرات مجذور اِتا، می ­توان گفت که در آزمون مقاطع مخروطی 29درصد و در آزمون دایره 66درصد تغییرات، ناشی از تأثیر برنامه­ تدریس به کمک وسایل کمک ­آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات است.
نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع، یافته­ ها نشان داد که آموزش به کمک وسایل کمک آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات می ­تواند از طریق سهولت انتقال مطالب‌ درسی، تسهیل جریان یادگیری و پایداری آموخته­ ها، افزایش انگیزه یادگیری، افزایش نمرات و بهبود مهارت حل مسأله باعث پیشرفت در یادگیری و موفقیت در این درس گردد که می­ توان از این برنامه به‌عنوان یک مداخله مفید و کارآمد برای بهبود یادگیری درس ریاضی استفاده کرد. 
کلیدواژه‌ها
وسایل کمک آموزشی؛ فناوری اطلاعات؛ فناوری آموزش؛ یادگیری؛ تدریس ریاضی
موضوعات
آموزش الکترونیکی
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of using educational aids and information technology to improve mathematics learning in secondary school students
نویسندگان [English]
S. M. Seyedaliyan؛ K. Salehi
Department of Education, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Objectives: Knowledge and skill in mathematics are considered as one of the most essential individual skills for living in modern societies. For this reason, mathematics is seen as a major discipline in education. One of the problems in the field of education today is the decrease in students' interest in learning, especially in subjects such as mathematics. Despite its wide range of applications, mathematics and mathematical thinking are considered as complex around the world, and teaching mathematics is often a difficult task. Many students avoid mathematics or show their true ability in mathematics less than usual, so the study of factors affecting the learning of mathematics in recent decades has attracted the attention of many experts and educators. Due to the lack of studies in our country Iran and the importance of educational materials and their effects, making a comparison between traditional teaching method and the method based on the use of technology and teaching aids was necessary to examine its impact on improving the learning of math students in high school. Therefore, the main hypothesis of this study is based on the principle that the use of teaching aids is effective in learning mathematics better.
Methods: For this purpose, a study with a quantitative approach, using quasi-experimental method and pre-test-post-test design with a control group was used. The statistical population includes all high school students in Mahdi Shahr city  from Semnan province .Thrity-three female students in grade 12 whose field of study was mathematics were selected and assigned randomly into two experimental and controlled groups. Data collection was done using a teacher-made achievement test with validity and reliability considerations. After validation of the intervention protocol, the training program was performed on the experimental group in 12 sessions of 2 hours per week using teaching aids.
Findings: Multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA & ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that teaching mathematics with the help of teaching aids and using information technology had a significant effect on students' learning rate. The groups were almost identical before applying the independent variable, but after the experimental period, there was a significant difference between their scores which could be related to the teaching method (p<0.05). The squared value of the obtained ETA shows that 71% of the variance of the dependent variable is derived from the independent variable. Supplementary studies showed that at the level of individual courses, the difference related to the topics of conic sections and circles is significant (p < 0.01). This means that the post-test scores of conical and circular sections in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group, which indicates the positive effect of the intervention program. Also, according to the ETA squared scores, it can be said that in the test of conical sections 29% and in the test of circle 66% of the changes are due to the effect of the teaching program with the help of teaching aids and information technology.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings showed that teaching with the help of ICTs can improve the learning process and achievement in mathematics by facilitating the transfer of lessons, improving the learning process and its sustainability, enhancing learning motivation, improving the grades and problem-solving skills. This program can be used as a useful and effective intervention for improving the learning of mathematics. 
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Educational Aids, Information Technology, Technology of Education, Learning, Teaching Mathematics
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