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تحلیل وجودشناختی رابطۀ خدا و جهان از دیدگاه ملاصدرا و افلاطون | ||
| پژوهش های هستی شناختی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 10، شماره 19، شهریور 1400 اصل مقاله (368.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/orj.2021.1579 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| یوسف حیدری چناری | ||
| استادیار دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 21 اردیبهشت 1399، تاریخ بازنگری: 05 مرداد 1399، تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1399 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اندیشه دربارۀ مبدا هستی و نحوۀ آفرینش جهان از مهمترین و قدیمیترین مسائل فلسفی است. این نوشتار میکوشد با روش توصیفی– تحلیلی، مسالۀ رابطۀ خدا و جهان را در هستیشناسی افلاطون و ملاصدرا بررسی کند و وجوه تشابه و تمایز آن را دریابد. پرسش اصلی این است که رابطۀ وجودی خدا با جهان از دیدگاه این دو فیلسوف چگونه است؟ تفاسیر مختلفی از دیدگاه افلاطون با توجه به بیان رمزی و تمثیلیاش، ارائه میشود. در تفسیر دقیقتر، خدای افلاطون علاوه بر نظمدهندگی، دارای صفاتی چون تجرد، خیر، وحدت، ثبات، بخل نداشتن و زیبایی است که خدای ملاصدرا نیز متصف به این صفات است. ملاصدرا برخی صفات دیگر مثل معطیالوجود و پاداشدهندگی را نیز برگرفته از دین و عرفان برای خدا قائل است. او مخلوقات را با مراتب مختلف تشکیک وجودشان، عین ربط و فقر به وجود مستقل واجبالوجود میداند که در نظام وحدت شخصی وجود، آنها مراتب فیض و تجلی حقتعالی هستند. رابطۀ خدا با جهان در سه تفسیری که از افلاطون ارائه میشود، از سنخ رابطۀ ناظم با جهان منظم محسوسات و یا صاحب سایه با سایه و یا از سنخ رابطۀ علهالعلل با آفریدههایش است. اما این رابطه در نظام تشکیک وجود ملاصدرا از سنخ رابطۀ وجود مستقل با وجودات ربطی و در نظام وحدت وجودیاش از سنخ رابطۀ موجود با جلواتش است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| هستی شناسی؛ خدا؛ جهان؛ وجود؛ ملاصدرا؛ افلاطون | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Ontological analysis of the relationship between God and the world from the perspective of Mulla Sadra and Plato | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| yousof heidari chenari | ||
| department of slamic cultures, faculty of basic sciences, babol noshirvani university of technology, babol, iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The idea of the origin of the universe and how it was created is one of the most important and oldest philosophical issues. This article tries to study the issue of the relationship between God and the world in the ontology of Plato and Mulla Sadra with a descriptive-analytical method and to find its similarities and differences. The main question is what is the existential relationship of God with the world from the point of view of these two philosophers? Different interpretations of Plato's view are offered according to his symbolic expression. In a more accurate interpretation, Plato's god, in addition to order, has attributes such as celibacy, goodness, unity, stability, avarice and beauty, which are also characterized by Mulla Sadra's god. Mulla Sadra also attributes some other attributes to God, such as the gift of existence and reward . He considers creatures with different degrees of their existence, poverty to independent existence, to be obligatory, which in the system of personal unity of existence, they are the levels of grace and manifestation of God. In Plato's three interpretations about the relationship between God and the world is of the type of the moderator's relationship with the regular world of sensations, or of the possessor of the shadow with the shadow, or the causal with his creations. But in the Mulla Sadra's Idea ,this relation is relation of independent existence with relational beings and in the system of his unity of existence is relation existing with his predecessors. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| ontology, God, world, existence, Mulla Sadra, Plato | ||
| مراجع | ||
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