تعداد نشریات | 11 |
تعداد شمارهها | 210 |
تعداد مقالات | 2,092 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 2,869,033 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,076,623 |
شناسایی و رتبه بندی چالشهای یادگیرندگان در آموزش و بهسازی مجازی منابع انسانی (مطالعة موردی: دانشگاه شهید بهشتی) | ||
فناوری آموزش | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41، دی 1395، صفحه 1-20 اصل مقاله (2.43 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/tej.2016.606 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
زهره جعفری فر1؛ اباصلت خراسانی2؛ مرتضی رضایی زاده* 3 | ||
1گروه آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
2گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
3گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 09 دی 1394، تاریخ بازنگری: 25 آذر 1395، تاریخ پذیرش: 06 دی 1395 | ||
چکیده | ||
آموزش مجازی یکی از مهمترین مؤلفههای آموزش مستمر است و به اعتقاد سازمانها نقش و مزایای قابلملاحظهای در آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی دارد. اما باید خاطرنشان کرد که، تحقق این مزایا و استفادة بهینه از ظرفیتهای آموزش مجازی مستلزم شناسایی و رفع موانع پیش روی آن است. ازاینرو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و رتبهبندی چالشهای یادگیرندگان در آموزش و بهسازی مجازی منابع انسانی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی و به شیوة توصیفی- پیمایشی انجامشده است. جامعة آماری پژوهش کلیة کارکنان دانشگاه شهید بهشتی (166 نفر) بود که حداقل در یک دورة آموزش بهصورت مجازی شرکت کرده بودند و تعداد 115 نفر از آنان بهعنوان نمونه، بر اساس نمونهگیری تصادفی خوشهای و با استفاده از جدول کرجسی- مورگان انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامهای محققساخته بود که گویههای آن بر اساس مرور پیشینة پژوهش و مراجعه به مقالات و پایاننامههای مرتبط و مشابه طراحی و تدوین شد. روایی پرسشنامه مذکور توسط 5 نفر از صاحبنظران آموزش مجازی و منابع انسانی؛ و پایایی آن با محاسبة آلفای کرونباخ 95/0تأیید شد. دادههای حاصل با استفاده از شاخصهای آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار) و آمار استنباطی (t تک نمونهای و آزمون رتبهبندی فریدمن) تجزیهوتحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که مهمترین چالشهای بهکارگیری آموزش مجازی در آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی به ترتیب مربوط به چالشهای آموزشی با میانگین رتبهای (99/2)، و زیرساختی- فنی با میانگین رتبهای (74/2) است. نتایج تحقیق همچنین نشان داد که، چالشهای فرهنگی-اجتماعی و اخلاقی برای بهکارگیری آموزش مجازی در آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی، از کمترین میزان اهمیت برخوردار هستند. کاربردهای یافتههای این تحقیق برای ارتقای استفاده از آموزش مجازی در راستای بهبود آموزش و توسعه منابع انسانی نیز مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آموزش مجازی؛ چالشهای آموزش مجازی؛ آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی؛ یادگیرندگان | ||
موضوعات | ||
شایستگی حرفه ای معلمان | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Identifying and ranking the challenges of learners in virtual education and improvement of human resources (case study: Shahid Beheshti University) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Z. Jafari far1؛ A. Khorasani2؛ M. Rezaei Zadeh3 | ||
1Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Phychology and Educational Science, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran | ||
2Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Phychology and Educational Science, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran | ||
3Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Phychology and Educational Science, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Distance education is one of the most important criteria of education; organizations believe that it has important role in human resource (HR) education. However, there are some challenges in implementing distance learning in the organisations' HRD (Human Resource development) departments. The current study seek to identify and rank the challenges that confront distant learners in organizations. In order to do so, a sample of 115 employees of Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran who attended virtual training through the last year were selected and engaged in the study. Reviewing the literature on e-learning challenges and critical factors, the main questions of a questionnaire were extracted and written. Analyzing the data has been gathered by those questionnaires, the final list of the intended challenges was identified, categorized, and ranked as following: Educational, Infrastructural, and Cultural challenges. The implications of the current study on how distance education can be properly used in HRD is also discussed and outlined in the paper. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Virtual Learning, challenges of virtual education, education and improvement of human resources, learners | ||
مراجع | ||
Otarkhani, A. & Delavari٫ V. Measurement Students Satisfaction of e-learning systems. Jornal of Perspective Business Administration٫ (2012), No. 43, pp. 53-78. [In Persian] [1] Nasiri٫A.& Ghazi Tabatabaei٫S.The organizational structure for virtual universities٫Management Science٫ (2003), No. 60-61, pp. 219-235٫. [In Persian] [2] Chen, H. J., & Kao, C. H. Empirical validation of the importance of employees' learning motivation for workplace e-learning in Taiwanese organisations. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, (2012,Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 580-598. [3] Caudill, J. G.Designing Workplace E-Learning. Bulletin of the IEEE Technical Committee on Learning Technology, (2013), Vol. 15, No. , PP 19-21. [4] Mahmud, K., & Gope, K. Challenges of implementing e-learning for higher education in least developed countries: a case study on Bangladesh. In Information and Multimedia Technology, 2009. ICIMT'09. International Conference on, (2009), pp. 155-159. [5] Karim, M. R. A., and Hashim, Y. The experience of the e-learning implementation at the Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia. Malaysian Online Journal of Instructional Technology (MOJIT), (2004), Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 50-59. [6] Lee, B. C., Yoon, J. O., and Lee, I. Learners’ acceptance of e-learning in South Korea: Theories and results. Computers & Education, (2009), Vol. 53, No.4, pp. 1320-1329. [7] Hrastinski, S., Keller, C., & Carlsson, S. A.Design exemplars for synchronous e-learning: A design theory approach. Computers & Education,(2010), Vol.55, No. 2, pp. 652-662. [8] Hrastinski, S. Asynchronous and synchronous e-learning. Educause quarterly, (2008), Vol.31, No. 4, pp. 51-55. [9] Fareghzadeh, N. & Kashi, Ali. Survey methods and tools of e-learning to enhance the quality of education from the point of Khodabande university professors. The New approach in Educational Administration Jornal, (2014), Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 121-152. [In Persian] [10] Wagner, N., Hassanein, K., & Head, M.Who is responsible for e-learning success in higher education? A stakeholders' analysis. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, (2008),Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 26-36. [11] Smedley, J. Implementing e-learning in the Jordanian Higher Education System: Factors affecting impact Ahmad Al-adwan Cardiff Metropolitan University, Wales, UK, International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, (2012), Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 121-135. [12] Piccoli, G., Ahmad, R., & Ives, B. Web-based virtual learning environments: A research framework and a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in basic IT skills training. MIS quarterly, (2001), Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 401-426. [13] Mohseni, M. (2001). Sociology of Information Society. Tehran: Informed Publishing.[In Persian] [14] Agbahi, A. Moarrefzade٫. A., and Moshtaghi, S. survey Pedagogical barriers to the development of e-learning: Cace Study (Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences)٫(2012), Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 39-48. [In Persian] [15] Eom, S. B., Wen, H. J., & Ashill, N. The Determinants of Students' Perceived Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction in University Online Education: An Empirical Investigation*. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, (2006), Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 215-235. [16] Jaafari, P., & Saeidian, N., Pedagogical aspects of virtual universities in order to provide an appropriate model, Jornal of Knowledge and Research in Education٫(2006), Vol. 20, No. 12, pp. 1-26. [In Persian] [17] Asghari, M., Alizadeh, M., Kazemi, A., Safari, H., Asghari, F,.Bagheri Asl, M٫. & Heidarzade٫. S.The challenges of e-learning in Medical Sciences from the viewpoint of faculty members٫Studies & Development Center of Medical Education of Yazd, (2012), Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 26-34. [In Persian] [18] Rafiee, S., & Abdollahzade, S. E-learning in Medical Sciences, Scientific Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, (2009), Vol. 4, No. 13. [In Persian] [19] Sun, P. C., Tsai, R. J., Finger, G., Chen, Y. Y., & Yeh, D. What drives a successful e-Learning? An empirical investigation of the critical factors influencing learner satisfaction. Computers & education, (2008), Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 1183-1202. [20] Majidi, A., E-learning: history, characteristics, infrastructure and barriers٫Journal Book٫(2009), Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 9-26. [In Persian] [21] Goeman, K., & De Vos, E. R. I. C. Overcoming Barriers to Successfully Implementing E-Learning: The Four P's Framework. WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION, (2006),Vol. 3, No. 9, p. 838. [22] Farzane, J., Survey The problems of self-learning, curriculum, assessment and external factors from the perspective of students of distance education schools: Challenges and Solutions, Jornal School Psychology, (2014), Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 154-169. [In Persian] [23] Haji Khajeloo, S., Yari, B., & Bazdar Ghomchi ghih٫.M. Survey The challenges of the development of ICT in higher education (Case study: Shahid Beheshti University), Education Rhavran Community-wide knowledge, (2013). [In Persian] [24] Hosseini Lorgani, M., Mirarab Razi, R., & Rezaee, S., Examine obstacles to the development of e-learning in the educational system in Iran٫Management and planning in educational systems٫ (2008), Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 47-59. [In Persian] [25] Mosavi, M., Mohammad Zadeye Nasr Abadi, M., & Pezeshki Rad, GH., (2011), Identify and analyze the barriers hindering the use and development of e-learning in PNU, Research and Planning in Higher Education, Vol. 6, No. 1 (59), pp. 137-154. [In Persian] [26] Rezaee,. M٫.MovahhedMohammadi٫. H٫.Asadi٫.A٫. & Kalantari٫. A.Identify policies to promote e-learning in higher education in agriculture٫Iran Agricultural Economics and Development Research٫(2011), Vol. 2-42, No. 1, pp. 57-66. [In Persian] [27] Folinsbee, S. Online Learning for Adults: Factors that Contribute to Success: A Literature Review. College Sector Committee for Adult Upgrading, (2008). [28] Vaezi, R., & Eemani, A., E-readiness assessment Trade Organization in Tehran٫Research management, (2009), Vol. 2 ,No. 6, pp. 49-74.[In Persian] [29] Childs, S., Blenkinsopp, E., Hall, A., & Walton, G. Effective e‐learning for health professionals and students—barriers and their solutions. A systematic review of the literature—findings from the HeXL project. Health Information & Libraries Journal, (2005), Vol. 22, No. s2, pp. 20-32. [30] Takalani, T. Barriers to e-learning amongst postgraduate black students in higher education in South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University)٫ (2008). [31] Bashiruddin, M., Basit, A., & Naeem, M.Barriers to the implementation of E-learning system with focus on organizational culture, (2010). [32] Ardichvili, A. Learning and knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice: Motivators, barriers, and enablers. Advances in developing human resources, (2008),Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 541-554. [33] Azer, M., & El-Sherbini, A. Cultural challenges in developing e-learning content. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET),(2011),Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 11-14. [34] McCloy, R., & Stone, R. Virtual reality in surgery. Bmj, (2001), Vol. 323, No. 7318, pp. 912-915. [35] Khan, M., Hossain, S., Hasan, M., & Clement, C. K. Barriers to the Introduction of ICT into Education in Developing Countries: The Example of Bangladesh. Online Submission, (2012), Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 61-80. [36] Rezaee Sharif Abadi, S., (2004). Qualitative research on the Internet: Methods and challenges, Women's Studies, No. 13. [In Persian] [37] Hasmadi, Bin, H. Teaching and Learning in Industries: Are We Malayzian Workers Really Ready for The E-Learning, Journal of Technical Education and Training, (2011), Vol. 3, No.2, pp. 55-65. [38] Becker, K. L., Newton, C. J., & Sawang, S..A learner perspective on barriers to e-learning. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, (2013),Vol. 53, No.2, pp.211-233. [39] Nik Kar,.M. Plan education information literacy education in distance education٫Light Peak, (2008), Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 43-51. [In Persian] [40] Johnson, S. D., Aragon, S. R., & Shaik, N.Comparative analysis of learner satisfaction and learning outcomes in online and face-to-face learning environments. Journal of interactive learning research, (2000), Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 29-49. [41] Bhuasiri, W., Xaymoungkhoun, O., Zo, H., Rho, J. J., & Ciganek, A. P. Critical success factors for e-learning in developing countries: A comparative analysis between ICT experts and faculty. Computers & Education, (2012) ,Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 843-855. [42] Oroma, J., Wanga, H., & Wikedzi, T. Challenges of E-Learning in Developing Countries: The Ugandan Experience, In Proceedings of INTED2012 Conference, (2012). [43] Zamanpoor, E., & Mirzabeigi, M, Survey Factors affecting the academic performance of electronic learners in higher education: a model of success based on the learner's perspective, Studies Curriculum, (2009), No. 15. [In Persian] [44] Nanayakkara, C., & Whiddett, R. J. A Model of User Acceptance of E-learning Technologies: a Case Study of a Polytechnic in New Zealand. In IS, (2005), pp. 180-190. [45] Niederhauser, D. S., Salem, D. J., & Fields, M. Exploring Teaching, Learning, and Instructional Reform in an Introductory Technology Course. Online Submission, (1999), Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 153-172. [46] Rogers, P. L. Barriers to adopting emerging technologies in education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, (2000), Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 455-472. [47] Igbaria, M., & Iivari, J. The effects of self-efficacy on computer usage. Omega, (1995), Vol. 23, No.6, pp. 587-605. [48] Pacheco, M. English‐Language Learners' Reading Achievement: Dialectical Relationships Between Policy and Practices in Meaning‐Making Opportunities. Reading Research Quarterly, (2010), Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 292-317. [49] Khorasani, A., & Dosti, H., Assess the level of consent and importance factors influencing on The effectiveness of E-learning views of staff (Case Study: Saman Bank)٫Information and Communication Technologies in Education, (2011), No. 4, pp. 37-58. [In Persian] [50] Keengwe, J., Kidd, T., & Kyei-Blankson, L. Faculty and technology: Implications for faculty training and technology leadership. Journal of Science Education and Technology, (2009), Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 23-28. [51] Markéta, D., & Kateřina, K. Complex model of e-learning evaluation focusing on adaptive instruction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,(2012), Vol. 47, pp. 1068-1076. [52] Nik Ravan Mofred, M., Codes of ethics in online learning٫Journal of Medical History, (2011), No. 8, pp. 100-118. [In Persian] [53] Seraji, F., Provide a framework for assessing the quality of education in universities electronics, Fifth Congress "to assess the quality of the university system," Tehran University, (2011), Vol. 3, No. 8 ,pp. 94-118. [In Persian] [54] Khadivar, S., & Rahmani, Y., (2009). Obstacles and challenges virtual university in Electronic city. Second International Conference of Electronic Municipal, [In Persian] [55] Ruhollahi, N. & Mokhtari, Z. Survey Observance ethics fundamental by participants in the electronic test, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Iranian Journal of Ethics and Medical History, (2012), Vol. , pp. 99-101. [In Persian] [56] Javadipoor, M., & Kazemi, S. Survey Barriers efficient use of ICT in student research Shahid Beheshti graduate students. Management and Planning in Educational systems, (2012), Vol. 5, No.9, pp. 143-163. [In Persian] [57] Mungania, P. (2004). Employees' perceptions of barriers in e-learning: The relationship among barriers, demographics, and e-learning self-efficacy (Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisville). [58] Poor Atashi, M., & Movahed Mohammadi, H., Factors hindering the use of ICT from the perspective of graduate students in agriculture٫Iranian Journal of Agricultural Extension and Education٫(2007), Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 107-120. [In Persian] [59] Ali, G. E., & Magalhaes, R. Barriers to implementing e‐learning: a Kuwaiti case study. International journal of training and development, (2008),Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 36-53. [60] Bagheri majd, R., Shahi, S., & Mehralizadeh, Y.Challenges in the development of e-learning in Higher Education (CASE STUDY: Shahid Chamran University), Journal of Educationl Development in Medical Education,(2013), Vol. l6, No.12, pp. 1-13. [In Persian] [61] Tatiyakitti, W., & Soponthammakhun, S. Empirical study of Critical barriers of E-learning ,(2010). [62] Al-Hujran, O., Aloudat, A., Al-Hennawi, H., & Nabeel Ismail, H. Challenges to E-learning Success: The Student Perspective. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET 2013). Atlantis Press. [63] Berge, Z. L., Muilenburg, L. Y., & Haneghan, J. V. Barriers to distance education and training: Survey results. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, (2002), Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 409-418. [64] Al-Senaidi, S., Lin, L., & Poirot, J. Barriers to adopting technology for teaching and learning in Oman. Computers & Education, (2009), Vol. 53, No. 3, pp. 575-590. [65] Kinley, K. Faculty and students’ awareness and challenges of e-learning in a college of education. Journal of the International Society for Teacher Education, (2010), Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 27-33. [66] Kisanga, D., & Ireson, G. Barriers and strategies on adoption of e-learning in Tanzanian higher learning institutions: Lessons for adopters.International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, (2015), Vol. 11, No. 2, 126. [67] Panda, S., & Mishra, S. E‐Learning in a Mega Open University: Faculty attitude, barriers and motivators. Educational Media International, (2007), Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 323-338. [68] Elliott, R., & Clayton, J. E-learning activity in New Zealand industry training organisations: Perceived benefits and barriers. In ICT: Providing choices for learners and learning, Proceedings ascilite Singapore, (2007), pp. 244-248. [69] Vencatachellum, I., & Munusami, V. Barriers to effective corporate e-learning in Mauritius, (2006). [70] Heydari, M. Maquee, A. & Najafi, E.SurveyObstaclesFor virtualization Traditional organizations and Solutions, Military Management, (2009), No. 33, pp. 91-128. [In Persian] [71] Atashak, M & Mahzade ,P. Identify and ranking the barriers Effective on non-use of ICT by teachers. Journal of Learning Technology, (2010),Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 115-122. [In Persian] [72] | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,864 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,524 |