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پایه دار اردکانی, پگاه, گرجی مهلبانی, یوسف, قنبران, عبدالحمید. (1403). روش‌ها و معیارهای سنجش تجربه معماری در مطالعات نور روز. فناوری آموزش, 12(1), 1-20. doi: 10.22061/jsaud.2023.9559.2125
پگاه پایه دار اردکانی; یوسف گرجی مهلبانی; عبدالحمید قنبران. "روش‌ها و معیارهای سنجش تجربه معماری در مطالعات نور روز". فناوری آموزش, 12, 1, 1403, 1-20. doi: 10.22061/jsaud.2023.9559.2125
پایه دار اردکانی, پگاه, گرجی مهلبانی, یوسف, قنبران, عبدالحمید. (1403). 'روش‌ها و معیارهای سنجش تجربه معماری در مطالعات نور روز', فناوری آموزش, 12(1), pp. 1-20. doi: 10.22061/jsaud.2023.9559.2125
پایه دار اردکانی, پگاه, گرجی مهلبانی, یوسف, قنبران, عبدالحمید. روش‌ها و معیارهای سنجش تجربه معماری در مطالعات نور روز. فناوری آموزش, 1403; 12(1): 1-20. doi: 10.22061/jsaud.2023.9559.2125

روش‌ها و معیارهای سنجش تجربه معماری در مطالعات نور روز

معماری و شهرسازی پایدار
مقاله 1، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 23، تیر 1403، صفحه 1-20    اصل مقاله (1.78 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2023.9559.2125
نویسندگان
پگاه پایه دار اردکانی1؛ یوسف گرجی مهلبانی* 2؛ عبدالحمید قنبران3
1دانشجوی دکتری، معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران
2استاد، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره، قزوین، ایران.
3دانشیار، معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت: 18 دی 1401،  تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اردیبهشت 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مرداد 1402 
چکیده
مقدمه: در پژوهش‌های بسیاری بر بهره‌گیری از نور روز در فضاهای داخلی، به دلیل مزایا و تأثیرات مثبت آن تأکید شده است. یکی از مهم­ترین این تأثیرات، تجارب گوناگونی است که کاربران در برخورد با متغیرهای وابسته به نور روز دارند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر شناخت روش­ ها، معیارها و ابزارهای قابل اتکا برای سنجش تجربه­ فضایی کاربران (متغیر وابسته) در مقابل متغیرهای مستقل وابسته به نور روز است و با بهره ­گیری از روش کیفیِ مرور ساختاریافته، به توصیف، تحلیل­ و ترکیب مقالات پژوهشی و معتبر موجود، از سال 2012 تا ماه جولای سال 2023 می ­پردازد. یافته­ های حاصل نشان می ­دهد که می­توان تجربه­ انسان در برابر نور روز را در شش گروه فیزیولوژیکی، نوروفیزیولوژیکی، هیجانی، رفتاری-انگیزشی، شناختی و بصری تقسی م­بندی کرد. پژوهشگران برای سنجش آنها از روش ­های پیمایشی، آزمایشگاهی، مشاهده ­ای، بررسی موردی و یا ترکیب آنها استفاده کرده ­اند.
روش تحقیق: پرکاربردترین ابزار در روش پیمایشی پرسشنامه ­های خودارزیابی هستند، اما سنجش تجارب عینی فیزیولوژیکی و نوروفیزیولوژیکی، امکان بهره­ مندی از ابزارها و حسگرهایی را به وجود آورده است که موجب ارتباط میان معماری و حوزه­ های مختلف علوم زیست­-پزشکی به ویژه علوم اعصاب شده است.
نتایج و بحث: در این روش داده ­های به دست آمده از سنجش فعالیت ­های مغزی، وضعیت قلب، پوست، حرکات چشم و سر، با به­ کارگیری حسگرهای EEG، ECG، GSR، PPG، ردیابی چشم و سر به هیجانات فرد و کسب تجربه معماری نسبت داده شده است. در مقالات مورد بررسی بیشترین تمایل پژوهشگران به استفاده از فناوری­ های مرتبط با واقعیت مجازی و تصاویر رندر 360 درجه برای نمایش محرک به آزمون­ شوندگان است. به نظر می ­رسد به­ کارگیری یادگیری ماشینی و الگوریتم‌های آن برای تحلیل داده‌های گردآوری شده، به منظور ایجاد مدل‌های پیش‌بینی رفتارها و تجربیات فضایی انسان‌ها در مطالعات نور روز رو به گسترش است.
نتیجه­ گیری: بطور کلی نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق می­تواند با مرور و تحلیل دستاوردهای امروز و بسترهای موجود برای تحقیقات آینده، زمینه ­ساز انجام مطالعات گسترده در این زمینه شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تجربه‌ معماری؛ نور روز؛ مرور ساختاریافته؛ علوم اعصاب
عنوان مقاله [English]
Methods and Criteria for Architectural Experience Assessment in Daylight Studies
نویسندگان [English]
Pegah Payedar-Ardakani1؛ Yousef Gorji-Mahlabani2؛ Abdul Hamid Ghanbaran3
1PhD candidate, of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
2Full Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Many studies have emphasized the use of daylight in the interior, due to its benefits and positive effects; one of the most significant of which is the users'' various experiences of daylight-dependent factors. The present study aims to identify reliable methods, criteria, and tools to assess the users’ spatial experience (dependent variable) of daylight-dependent factors (independent variables). To this end, the qualitative method of structured review is applied to describe, analyze, and combine the existing authentic research published from 2012 to July, 2023. The findings reveal that the human experience of daylight can be divided into six physiological, neurophysiological, emotional, behavioral-motivational, cognitive, and visual groups, and researchers assess them through surveys, experiments, observations, case study or a combination of them. Self-assessment questionnaires are the most widely used tools in the survey method. However, assessing physiological and neurophysiological objective experiences has provided the opportunity to apply tools and sensors making it possible to integrate architecture with various fields of biomedical sciences, particularly neuroscience. In this method, the data obtained from the assessment of brain activities, heart status, skin, eye and head movements using sensors such as EEG, ECG, GSR, PPG, and eye and head tracking devices, are attributed to the person’s emotions and his acquisition of architectural experience. In the reviewed articles, researchers mostly tend to use technologies related to virtual reality and 360-degree rendering of images to show the stimuli to the subjects. Also, it seems that the use of machine learning and its algorithms to analyze the collected data, in order to create prediction models of human behaviors and spatial experiences in daylight studies, is expanding. Reviewing and analyzing today’s achievements and the existing platforms for future research, as the results of the present study, can ground extensive studies in this field.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Architectural experience, daylight, systematic review, neuroscience
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