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تبیین نقش عوامل کالبدی در پایداری آکوستیکی بازار تبریز | ||
| معماری و شهرسازی پایدار | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2، مهر 1401، صفحه 73-94 اصل مقاله (2.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2022.8806.2020 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بیتا شفائی1؛ عباس غفاری* 2؛ مرتضی میرغلامی2 | ||
| 1دکتری شهرسازی اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 12 بهمن 1400، تاریخ بازنگری: 17 خرداد 1401، تاریخ پذیرش: 24 خرداد 1401 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیان مسئله زمان واخنش مؤلفه‌ای است که مبین نحوه رفتار آکوستیکی فضاست. اگر رفتار آکوستیکی فضا به‌نحوی باشد که بدون نیاز به مداخلات آکوستیکی سبب بروز زمان واخنش بهینه گردد، می‌توان اذعان کرد فضای مذکور واجد پایداری آکوستیکی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی پایداری آکوستیکی فضاهای بازار تبریز از طریق تحلیل رفتار آکوستیکی آن‌ها می‌باشد تا مشخص شود کدام دسته از مؤلفه‌های کالبدی در پژواک فضا اثرگذار هستند و نحوه این اثرگذاری به چه صورت است. روش در این راستا، در موقعیت‌های مختلف بازار تبریز، زمان واخنش بر اساس اصول استاندارد اندازه‌گیری و عوامل کالبدی مؤثر بر رفتار آکوستیکی شناسایی شده است. از طریق تطبیق مقادیر زمان واخنش با واقعیات علمی ازپیش‌اثبات‌شده، خصیصه‌های کالبدی مؤثر در رفتار آکوستیکی فضاهای بازار و چگونگی تأثیر آن‌ها روشن شده است. نتایج نتایج حاکی از آن است که گنبدها و نیم‌گنبدهای بازار به مثابه حفره با حبس امواج صوتی باعث کاهش زمان واخنش می‌گردند. شکستگی‌های موجود در پوسته‌ها و شکستگی‌های ظریف مصالح، آجر با بندکشی، با پراکندگی صوت طنین را کاهش می‌دهند. درمقابل الحاقات جدید شیشه‌ای با انعکاس امواج صوتی سبب افزایش شدید زمان واخنش می‌گردند. بخش اصیل کالبد بازار تبریز، در راستای کاهش زمان واخنش سبب بروز رفتار آکوستیکی مناسب شده و کیفیت شنیداری مطلوبی ایجاد می‌کند. طراحی فرم به گونه‌ای است که با پایدار بودن وضوح آکوستیکی، با افزایش شدت صوت، میرایی صدا سریع‌تر اتفاق می‌افتد و مانع از ایجاد همهمه و بالارفتن شدت صوت می‌گردد. بنابراین می‌توان اذعان کرد بازار تبریز از لحاظ آکوستیکی پایدار می‌باشد و الگوی کالبد آن می‌تواند در طراحی فضاهای جدید مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رفتار آکوستیکی؛ پایداری آکوستیکی؛ زمان واخنش؛ بازار تبریز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determine the role of Physical Factors in the Acoustical Sustainability of Tabriz Bazaar | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bita Shafaei1؛ Abbas Ghaffari2؛ Morteza Mirgholami2 | ||
| 1PhD in Islamic Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Prof,, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art Uni,, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sonic comfort and auditory desirability in architectural and urban spaces are largely dependent on the amount of reverberation created in the space. Reverberation Time (RT) is a physical component that is measured to assess echoes. Reverberation time, which indicates the acoustic behavior of space, depends on its physical factors, which include the form, volume and materials of space. If the acoustic behavior of the space is such that it creates an optimal reverberation time without the need for acoustic interventions, it can be acknowledged that the space is acoustically self-sufficient and sustainable. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the acoustical sustainability of Tabriz Bazaar spaces by analyzing their acoustical behavior to determine which categories of physical components are effective in the amount of space reverberation and how this effect is. In this regard, in different situations of various spatial species from Tabriz Bazaar, reverberation time is measured and in each situation, environmental factors affecting the acoustical behavior have been identified. Through the comparison of reverberation time values in different conditions and its adaptations with pre-proven scientific facts, environmental factors affecting the acoustic behavior of Bazaar spaces and how they affect have been clarified. The findings indicate that the domes and semi-domes used in the body of the Bazaar as cavities by retaining sound waves reduce its Reverberation Time. Also, fractions in the shells and delicate fractures of materials, bricks with gypsum bonding, reduce the echo of the space by scattering sound; unlike glass extensions, which reflect sound waves, causing a sharp increase in Reverberation Time. In fact, the original part of the body of Tabriz Bazaar, cavities and fractures, by reducing the Reverberation Time, causes the suitable acoustical behavior and creates the appropriate heard sound quality. The form is designed in such a way that the clarity component is fixed, and therefore, with increasing sound intensity, sound attenuation occurs faster and prevents the creation of noise and increase the sound intensity. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that Tabriz Bazaar is acoustically sustainable and its body pattern can be used in the design of new spaces. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Acoustical Behavior, Acoustical Sustainability, Reverberation Time, Tabriz Bazaar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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