پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 13 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 200 |
| تعداد مقالات | 2,008 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 2,679,499 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 1,936,899 |
نقش مؤلفه‌های عملکردی معماری فضاهای آموزشی در اضطراب اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان (موردپژوهی: دبیرستان‌های دخترانه شیراز) | |
| معماری و شهرسازی پایدار | |
| دوره 10، شماره 2، مهر 1401، صفحه 53-72 اصل مقاله (1.75 M) | |
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | |
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2022.8544.1984 | |
| نویسندگان | |
| طاهره نصر* 1؛ کیمیاالسادات طبیب‌زاده2 | |
| 1دانشیار شهرسازی، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران. | |
| 2پژوهشگر دکترا، گروه معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران | |
| تاریخ دریافت: 09 آبان 1400، تاریخ بازنگری: 19 آذر 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 29 فروردین 1400 | |
| چکیده | |
| اضطراب اجتماعی از معضلاتی است که افراد در سنین نوجوانی با آن درگیر می‌شوند. با توجه به اینکه نوجوانان ساعات زیادی از زندگی خود را در مدارس سپری می‌کنند، مطابق با علم روان‌شناسی محیط، معماری مدارسشان تأثیر بسیار زیادی در وضعیت روحی و رفتاری آن‌ها خواهد داشت. از طرفی، با توجه به اهمیت مطالعات بین رشته‌ای در سال‌های اخیر، تلفیق مسائل روحی و روانی افراد با معماری فضاهای ساخته شده حائز اهمیت است. پژوهش پیش رو با هدف بررسی نقش معماری فضاهای آموزشی در اضطراب اجتماعی نوجوانان و تعیین نمودن تأثیرگذارترین مؤلفه معماری فضاهای آموزشی در اضطراب اجتماعی نوجوانان و با بررسی دبیرستان‌های دخترانه شیراز انجام شده است تا نگاهی جدید به موضوع طراحی فضاهای آموزشی صورت گیرد. روش به‌کار گرفته شده در پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع کاربردی و کیفی- کمی بوده که با روش گردآوری اطلاعات به‌صورت مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی انجام شده است. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در بخش مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای شامل پژوهش‌ها و کتب مرتبط با موضوع و در بخش میدانی شامل مشاهده فردی از مدارس، توزیع پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته معماری فضاهای آموزشی و پرسش‌نامه اضطراب اجتماعی جرابک بوده است. تحلیل پرسش‌نامه‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام شده و با نتایج حاصل از مشاهده مقایسه شده است. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که بین ویژگی‌های معماری مدارس و اضطراب اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان رابطه معکوس برقرار است و هرچه میزان توجه به مؤلفه عملکردی معماری مدارس بیش‌تر باشد، اضطراب اجتماعی نوجوانان، بیش‌تر کاهش خواهد یافت. | |
| کلیدواژه‌ها | |
| معماری"؛ فضاهای آموزشی"؛ اضطراب اجتماعی"؛ نوجوانان"؛ "؛ شیراز" | |
| عنوان مقاله [English] | |
| The Role of Functional Components of Educational Space Architecture in Students’ Social Anxiety (Case Study: Shiraz Girls’ High Schools) | |
| نویسندگان [English] | |
| T. Nasr1؛ Kimia Sadat Tabibzadeh2 | |
| 1Associate Prof, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad Uni, Shiraz, Iran. | |
| 2PhD student, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran. | |
| چکیده [English] | |
| Given that human beings attending in public spaces and engage in social behaviors and social interactions, their proper functioning in society is very important. Social anxiety is one of the problems that people face in adolescence. Adolescents are at a critical age and it is essential that they grow up to be able to engage in appropriate social behaviors. Due to that adolescents spend many hours of their lives in schools, according to the science of environmental psychology, the architecture of their schools will have a great impact on their mental and behavioral status. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of educational space architecture in adolescents' social anxiety and to determine the most effective architectural components of educational spaces in adolescents' social anxiety and has been done by studying the architecture of Shiraz girls' high schools to take a new look at the design of educational spaces. The method used in the present research is descriptive-analytical was applied and qualitative-quantitative type which has been done by data collection method in the form of library and field studies. Data collection tools in the library studies section included research and books related to the subject and in the field section included individual observation of schools, distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire about the architecture of educational spaces and Jarabek social anxiety questionnaire. Questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software and compared with the results of the observation. There is an inverse relationship between school architecture features and students 'social anxiety. | |
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | |
| Architecture", Educational Spaces", Social Anxiety", Adolescents", ", Shiraz" | |
| مراجع | |
|
Abbaszadeh Diz, F., Rashid Kolvir, H., Rezaeisharif, A. (2020). Identifying the components of school physical environment with participatory learning approach (Case study: Boys’ middle schools of Tabriz). Technology of Education Journal (TEJ), 14 (2), 455-465.] Persian [
Adelipoor, Z., Javadi, A., Kareshki, H. (2016). Validation and Adaptation of Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety Scale (SBSA). Journal of Clinical Psycology, 7 (4): 1-13. ]Persian[
Aguilar-Aguilera, Antonio J., De la Hoz-Torres M.L., Martínez-Aires M.D., Ruiz D.P. (2020). Management of Acoustic Comfort in Learning Spaces Using Building Information Modelling (BIM). In: Arezes P. et al. (eds) Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health II. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. 277: 409-417.
Aliakbari Dehkordi M, Zare H, Asgharnejad Farid A, Hashemian R. (2017). Investigations of the Relation Between Social Anxiety, Cognitive and Behavioral Aspect of It and Sex and Gender-Rolein Adolescence. IJPCP, 22 (4) :340-347
Alipour, Farshid & Mohammadi, Shahnaz. (2014). Shahnaz Rumination, Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety Symptoms on Stutter Disorder and Social Phobia, Applied Psychology, 9 (2), 97-114.
Azemati, HR, Sabahi S, Azemati S. (2012). Environmental Factors Affecting Student Satisfaction of Learning Spaces. Naqshejahan. 2012; 2 (1):31-42 URL: http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-1021-fa.html. Babaei Bonab, S., Fattah Pour Marandi, M. (2019). The relationship between Yoga exercises and social physical anxiety in athletic girls. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 6 (6) :30-39. ]Persian[
Bakhtiar Nasrabadi, H.A. (2006). Investigating the condition of the physical space of Isfahan schools according to the standards of the School Renovation, Development and Equipping Organization, Scientific Journal of Learning Research, 13 (21), 33-42.
Behzadpour, M., Hassanpour, F. (2020). Location & possibility. Tehran: Tahan.] Persian [
Besharat, Mohammad Ali., Masoudi, Masoudi, Dehghani, Sepideh, Motahari, Sajjad, Pourkhaghan, Fatemeh. (2013). The relationship between social anxiety symptoms and anger: the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties, Psychological Sciences, 13 (51), 321-339.
Bilabari, Simin, Albarzi, Fariba. (2015). Examining the ways to improve the architectural atmosphere of the school according to the students' point of view from the perspective of their paintings (case example: elementary schools in Bandar Anzali), Architecture and urban planning of Iran, (11), 41-57.
Bowers, Maureen E; Reider, Lori B; Morales, Santiago; Buzzell, George A; Miller, Natalie, Troller-Renfree, Sonya V; Pine, Daniel S; Henderson, Heather A & Fox, Nathan A (2020). Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 48: 561–571.
Cannon, Christopher J; Makol, Bridget A; Keeley, Lauren M; Qasmieh, Noor; Okuno, Hide; Racz, Sarah J. & Reyes, Andres De Los (2020). A Paradigm for Understanding Adolescent Social Anxiety with Unfamiliar Peers: Conceptual Foundations and Directions for Future Research, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 23: 338-364.
Cohen, S., Evans, G.W., Stokols, D., Krantz, D.S (1986). Behavior, Health, and Environmental Stress. New York: Plenum.
Coyle, Samantha; Mahmud, Farah; Weeks, Cody & Warner, Carrie Masia (2020). Chapter 12 - School-based treatment for children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder, Social Skills across the Life Span. 237-254.
Country Management and Planning Organization (2015). Rules for the design of educational buildings (similar architectural planning for primary and secondary schools) Rule No. 697.
Dadashzadeh, H. ,Yazdandoost, R., Gharraee, B. ,Asgharnejad, A.A. (2009). Comparison of Effectiveness of Cognitive- behavioral Group Therapy and Exposure Therapy in Social Anxiety Disorder. Modern psychological research, 4 (15): 109-137.] Persian [
Daneshpour, A., Saffar Sabzevar, F. (2018). An analysis of the physical factors influencing the place attachment in the old center of Sabzevar. Research and Urban Planning, 9 (33): 125-136. ]Persian[
Eftekhari, H., Azemati, H., Nowroozian Maleki, S. (2015). Effective Factors to promote privacy in educational environments. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 14 (54): 101-106. ]Persian[
Eslami Negin., Khayer, Mohammad., Hashemi, Ladan. (2012). The relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety with regard to the mediating role of self-esteem among third grade students in Shiraz high schools, Education and evaluation (educational sciences), 6 (23), 105-121.
Esmaeili, A., Shahcheraghi, A., Habib, F. (2019). Analysis of the impact of the flexible internal architecture on the students’ personal space at schools. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 18 (70), 147-161. ]Persian[
Evan, G.W & Cohen, S (2004). Environment Stress, In Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology. 1: 815-824.
Gaudiot, Denise & Pernão, João (2020). The Contribution of the Built Environment to the Success of Learning: The Role of Colour in the Ergonomics of Educational Spaces, In: Charytonowicz J. (eds) Advances in Human Factors in Architecture, Sustainable Urban Planning and Infrastructure. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. vol 1214. Springer, Cham: 168-174.
Geravand, F., Afzali, M.H, Shokri, O., Parsian, M., Puklek,. M, Khodaei,.A, Toulabi,S. (2011). Gender and Age Differences in Social Anxiety in Adolescents. Developmental Pscychology, 7 (26): 165-174.] Persian [
Hassanvandemuzadeh Mehdi. (2011). The relationship between shyness, self-esteem, self-efficacy and boldness with social anxiety, New findings in psychology (social psychology, 7 (24), 35-56.
Hessari, P., Mohtasham, A., Farzandost, A. (2020). Architectural design of schools with an emphasis on the motivation of Gardner's multiple intelligences, Technology of Education Journal (TEJ), 14 (2), 341-353. ]Persian[
Horton, Paul & Forsberg, Camilla (2020). Safe spaces? A social-ecological perspective on student perceptions of safety in the environment of the school canteen, Educational Research. 62: 95-110
Hosni, Jafar., Sheikhan, Rehaneh., Arianakia, Elmira & Mahmoodzadeh, Akram (2013). Adolescent social anxiety: the role of attachment styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies, Evolutionary psychology of Iranian psychologists, 9 (36), 363-375.
Hosseinikia, Masoumeh.,Amiri, Sholah., Manshai, Gholamreza., Nadi, Mohammad Ali. (2018). Comparison of the effectiveness of education based on acceptance and commitment and social skills on reducing the symptoms of social anxiety in adolescents, Journal of Disability Studies (Scientific- research), (8). 1-7.
|
|
Imani, F., Movahed, Kh. (2018). The effectiveness of natural daylight on students’ stress reduction in educational spaces. Journal of Technology of Education, 12 (2), 41-48.] Persian [
Jaiswal, Abhishek; Manchanda, Shubham; Gautam, Vaishali; Goel, Akhil D; Aneja, Jitender & Raghav, Pankaja R (2020). Burden of internet addiction, social anxiety and social phobia among University students, India. 7 (9): 3607-3612.
Javidpeshkeh, Fateme., Javadi, Mohammad Jaafar. (2018). Structural equation modeling of the relationship between primary maladaptive schemas and social anxiety with the mediating role of emotional intelligenc, New developments in behavioral sciences, 4 (36), 1-28.
Karami, R., Sharifi, T., Nikkhah, M., Ghazanfari, A. (2019). Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training Based on Grass Model on Reducing Rumination and Social Anxiety in Female Students with 60-Day Follow-up. Iran J Health Educ Health Promote, 7 (1): 1-9
Kariippanon K. E, Cliff D. P, Lancaster S. J, Okely A. D. Parrish, A.M. (2018). Perceived interplay between flexible learning spaces and teaching, learning and student wellbeing. Learning Environments Research. 2018. (3): 301-320.
Khaleghi, N., Amiri, M., Taheri, E. (2017). Effectiveness of group reality therapy on symptoms of social anxiety, interpretation bias and interpersonal relationships in adolescents. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 19 (2): 77-83.] Persian [
Khosh Rosh, Vahid., Gharib Panah, Noushin. (2019). Investigating the relationship between the level of happiness and social anxiety of the second year high school students of Tunkabon city, New developments in psychology, educational sciences and education, third year, number 25, 164-173.
Khosrojerdi, N., Makramdost, H. (2011). A delicate design on educational spaces: elementary. Tehran: Tahan Publications.] Persian [
Keshavarz Afshar, Hossein., Ghazinejad, Niko., Sanai, Nadere. (2017). Investigating the role of emotional intelligence and positive thoughts of mothers in the level of social anxiety of adolescent girls with learning disabilities, Learning disabilities, 7 (4), 130-147.
Lang J. (2015). Creating architectural theory: the role of behavioral sciences in environmental design. Translated by Alireza Eynifar. Tehran: University of Tehran press.] Persian [
Leanne GR & Weinstein CS (1984). Educational issues, school settings, and environmental psychology, Journal of Environmental Psychology. 1984; 4 (4): 347-364.
Lima, Rodrigo Antunes; de Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes; dos Santos, Marcos André M; Machado, Leonardo; Bezerra, Jorge & Soares, Fernanda Cunha (2020). The synergic relationship between social anxiety, depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality and body fatness in adolescents, Journal of Affective Disorders. 260: 200-205.
Lotfi, A., Zamani, B. (2015). The effect of Sensescape criteria in quality of Equipped Community Spine (Case study: Isfahan, Aligholiagha spine). Journal of URBAN STUDIES, 4 (13): 43-56. ]Persian[
Madadi Zavareh, S.,Golparvar, M., Aghaei, A. (2019). A Comparison of the Effect of Positive Existential Therapy and Iranian-Islamic Positive Therapy on Affective Capital of Female Students with Social Anxiety. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health, 6 (3): 112-125.] Persian
Mahmoudi, Mohammad Mehdi (2011). Designing educational spaces with a flexibility approach (second edition, editor: Farshad Rizvan). Tehran: University of Tehran.
Mardomai, K., Delshad, M. (2010). Flexible learning environment: small experiential world, changeable learning system. Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism, 1 (1): 109-118. ]Persian[
Mehrābiyān, S.,Safari, H., Soheili, J. (2020). Comparative morphology Of Contemporary schools by using space syntax Method:Case Study: Dar ul-Funun School and Shahpoor school. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 19 (74): 135-161.] Persian [
Mehrabizadeh Hunarmand, M., Shahrooz, M., Banari, A.H, Torabizadeh, M. (2019). The Effectiveness of Optimism Training on the Social Happiness and Anxiety, with an Emphasis on the Quran, in Ahvaz High School Female Students. Ravanshenasi Va Din, 11 (4): 27-52.] Persian [
Mehrabizade Honarmand, M., Taghavi, S.F., Attari, Y.A. (2009). Effect of group assertive training on social anxiety, social skills and academic performance of female students. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3 (1): 59-64.] Persian [
Mohammadi, Erfan., Rezaei Mehrdar, Leila., Sylvaye, Siamak. (2017). Investigating and analyzing the effect of light in the architecture of educational spaces, Architecture, 1 (1), 1-6.
Mohammadi Masiri, Farhad., Hajlou, Nader., Abulqasemi, Abbas. (2016). Investigating the relationship between behavioral activation and inhibition systems, difficulty in emotional regulation and shyness with social anxiety disorder in normal adolescents, Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 17 (6), 10-21.
Mohammadpour, Fahima., Mohammadi, Nurullah. (2018). The role of body image and cognitive avoidance in students' social anxiety, Roish psychology, 7 (40), 173-180.
Mohammed, Dina Ahmed; Mohammed, Abdel Monteleb & Hassan, Amro Sayed (2020).
The Effect of Orientation and Ordering Floors On the Thermal Performance of Internal Spaces in The Faculties of Agriculture and Education at New Sohag University During the Hot Period. 48 (3): 478-490.
Mortazavi, Sh. (2004). Familiarity with environmental psychology. Environmental sciences, 3: 60-63. ]Persian[
Nazarpour, M.T, Norouzian Maleki, S. (2019). Identifying the Effective Architectural Components for Promoting Students’ Learning by emphasizing the open spaces of schools on the basis of the document of the fundamental transformation of education. Studies in Learning & Instruction, 10 (2): 165-193.]Persian [
Nikzad, A., Malek, N., Ghaffari, A. (2020). Evaluation of the Conditions of Variables Affecting Light Visual Comfort in the Educational Spaces of Polytechnic University of Shahrood. Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning, 10 (3), 173-182.] Persian [
Noghrehkar, A.H., Mozaffar, F., Saleh Sedgh, B., Shafaee, M. (2010). Designing kindergarten setting based on the relationship between creativity characters and some architectural ideas; Quartery Journal of Educational Innovations, 8(4), 39-59.] Persian[
Nourifad, A., Farziyan, M. (2008). Sustainable Architecture Against Earthquake: Designing a Middle School in Tehran Honar-Ha-ye-Ziba, 36: 37-48.] Persian [
Pasha, R. (2015). The effect of assertiveness training on self-esteem, social anxiety and definitiveness in students. Journal of Educational and Scholastic Studies, 3 (11): 99-114.] Persian [
Pirzadeh, Asiah., Sharifi, Gholamreza., Oroji, Mohammad Ali (2019). Comparison of environmental health status of public primary schools in different areas of Isfahan city, Health system research, 6 (1), 44-49.
Pirasteh Motlagh, Ali Akbar., Pirasteh Motlagh, Ali Asghar & Pishro Nasrabad Selfi, Nazar. (2012). The role of anxiety due to social negative evaluation in social isolation of adolescents, Quarterly Social Psychology Research, 1 (4), 145-156.
|
Pourrezaian, Mehdi. (2016). The Clinical Evaluation of Psychodrama’s Effectiveness in Treatment of Social Anxiety: A Case Study, Clinic Psychology Studies, 6 (24), 29-46.
Psychologist website. (1400). Jerabek's social anxiety questionnaire. Retrieved on December 17, 1400:from:https://ravanrahnama.ir/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C/.
Roshandel, Zahra., Sobhi Karamelki, Naser., Afshin Tayibi. (2015). Comparison of early maladaptive schemas, body image concerns and attributional styles among adolescents with social anxiety and normal adolescents, Journal of psychology and psychiatry, cognition, third year, , number 4 (11 in a row).
Saman, Abdul & Bakhtiar, Muh Ilham (2020). The effect of behavioral rehearsal technique through group counseling for overcoming social anxiety of students, COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education. 5 (1): 15-22.
Saremi, H., Khalaghdost, M., Khodabakhshi, S. (2016). Environmental psychology. Tehran: Aval & Akhar Publications.] Persian [
Sheykholreslami, A., Bashirgonbadi, S, Seyedesmaili Ghomi, N. (2020). The Effectiveness of Verbal Self- Instruction Skills Training on Social Anxiety (Fear of Negative Evaluation, Social Avoidance and Distress in New Situations, Social Avoidance and Distress General) of Shy Students. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 17 (37): 99-120.] Persian [
Soltani, N., Mohammadi Forod, H. (2019). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on rumination and social anxiety in women with obsession. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 18 (77): 617-625.] Persian [
Soltani, Shahnaz (2006). Examining the importance of Iranian architecture in the construction of schools in the conversation of "Iran" with experts: preventing 50 thousand mistakes, Iran magazine, (3877).
Stegg, Linda; VanDenbergh, Agnes and DeGroot, Judy (2016). Basic concepts in environmental psychology. Translator: Sepideh Barzegar and Anahita Shahperi. Tehran: New Thought Book.
Shafiei, H., Zare, H. (2019). Effectiveness of attention bias modification by computerized attention training on reducing social anxiety of adolescents. Advances in Cognitive Science, 21 (2): 108-120.] Persian [
Shahcheraghi, A., Bandarabad, A. (2017). Education in Environment: Application of Environmental psychology in Architecture and Urban Design. Tehran: Jahad daneshghahi of Tehran.] Persian [
Shams Esfandabad, H. (2014). Environmental psychology. Tehran: Samt Publications. ]Persian[
Sharifi, HasanPasha (2008). Research questionnaires, Tehran: Sokhon Publications.
Sheykholreslami, A., Bashirgonbadi, S, Seyedesmaili Ghomi, N. (2020). The Effectiveness of Verbal Self- Instruction Skills Training on Social Anxiety (Fear of Negative Evaluation, Social Avoidance and Distress in New Situations, Social Avoidance and Distress General) of Shy Students. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 17 (37): 99-120.] Persian[
|
Tabaeian, S.M. (2020). The Effect of Desirable Design of Open Spaces and Green Environment within Schools with the Purpose of Improving Students' perception and Refining the Quality of the Environment (Case study: Isfahan female high schools), Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism. Available Online from 04 July 2020 at http://www.isau.ir/article_109863.html?lang=en.] Persian [
Tabaeian, Seyedeh Marzieh. (2021). The Optimum Design of Open and Green Spaces in Educational Complex to Improve Students Perception and Quality of Educational Environment (Case Study: Girls High Schools in Isfahan), Journal of Irainian Architecture & Urbanism (JiAU), 12 (1), 127-139.
Tabatabaeian, S.M., Habib, F., Abedi, A. (2011). Attitude of students at standard and non-standard high schools toward the color of educational setting and some suggestions for improvement of the quality of educational setting. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 9 (38): 93-106. ]Persian[
Tabibzadeh, K, Ardeshiri, M, Bannazadeh, B (2020). Investigation of architectural design of educational spaces with the aim of Promoting Spatial Qualities (Case Study: Secondary High Schools girls in Shiraz). Memarishenasi, 3 (15): 1-12.] Persian [
Tashke., Mojtaba, BazanI, Maysam. (2015). Prediction of social anxiety by emotional schemas and cognitive regulation of emotion in male and female students, Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences Kurdistan University of Medical Science, 16 (50), 72-83.
Wessolowski N, Koenig, H, Schulte-Markwort, M, Barkmann B (2014). The effect of variable light on the fidgetiness and social behavior of pupils in school. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 101-108, DOI:10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.05.001.
Yousefi Kalekhane, Zahra., Hashemi Nosratabad, Touraj., Mahmoud Alilu, Majid. (2017). The role of brain-behavioral systems and stressful experiences in symptoms of social, Journal of Thought & Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 12 (44), 77-88.
Zarabiyan, F., Manam, M.R. (2010). Investigating the extent and factors effecting the sense of place. Municipalities Monthly, 9 (89): 23-28.] Persian [
Zhang, Y., Mavoa, S., Zhao, J., Raphael, D. & Smith. M. (2020). The Association between Green Space and Adolescents’ Mental Well-Being: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (18). Access at: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/18/6640/htm.