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محیط های محرک بازی کودک: عوامل مؤثر بر انگیزش بازی کودک در عرصه میانی مجتمع‌های مسکونی | ||
| معماری و شهرسازی پایدار | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 9، شماره 1، شهریور 1400، صفحه 13-26 اصل مقاله (1.96 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2021.7140.1752 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرزو حسینی1؛ مجید صالحی نیا2؛ مینو شفایی* 3؛ بهرام صالح صدق پور4 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته دوره دکتری معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان. | ||
| 2استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان. | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه شهید رجایی تهران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 02 مرداد 1399، تاریخ بازنگری: 17 مهر 1399، تاریخ پذیرش: 18 آذر 1399 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| روان‌شناسان رشد معتقدند که تعامل کودک با محیط اطراف در رشد و شکوفایی توانایی‌های فیزیکی و شناختی وی مؤثر است. کودکان گروه مهم کاربرهای عرصه میانی محیط‌های مسکونی هستند. این مکان‌ها اختصاص به بخش مهم زندگی روزانه کودکان دارند؛ بنابراین بهبود کیفیت آن‌ها می‌تواند در رشد همه جانبه آن‌ها مؤثر افتد. مرور ادبیات پژوهش نشان داده که بیشتر پژوهش‌های اخیر بر ویژگی‌های زمین‌های بازی شهری تمرکز دارند؛ در حالی که فقدان زمین بازی در مناطق مسکونی، لزوم توجه به طراحی عرصه میانی مجتمع‌های مسکونی برای انگیزش بازی کودکان را تأیید کرده است. دغدغه پژوهش برای ورود به این حوزه سهم عوامل کالبدی- عملکردی معماری بوده است تا از این طریق گامی در راستای بهبود کیفیت محیط به منظور ایجاد و افزایش انگیزش بازی کودک بردارد. رویکرد روش‌شناسی پژوهش، روش ترکیبی (کیفی و کمی) است. بدین ترتیب که چارچوب نظری پژوهش با رویکردی کیفی و با هدف جستجوی ویژگی‌های کالبدی- عملکردی و شناختی- رفتاری مؤثر در ایجاد و افزایش انگیزش بازی کودک تدوین شده و میزان و چگونگی تأثیر هر یک از مؤلفه‌ها از تبدیل داده‌های کیفی به کمی حاصل شده است. در این راستا با به کارگیری روش پیمایشی بر مبنای تکنیک دلفی، پس از ساخت و اعتبار یابی ابزار پژوهش، نگرش 100 نفر از متخصصین معماری مورد پرسش قرار گرفت. در نهایت عوامل کالبدی- عملکردی (نظارت پذیری، خوانایی محیط کودک محور، عوامل محرک طبیعی و سرزندگی محیط) و شناختی- رفتاری (تحریک حواس و تعاملات اجتماعی (نسلی- بین نسلی) مؤثر بر انگیزش بازی کودک به روش تحلیل عامل استخراج شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انگیزش بازی؛ کودک؛ عرصه میانی؛ مجتمع مسکونی؛ قابلیت محیط | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Playful Environments: The Factors Affecting the Kids’ Motivation to Play in the Middle Area of Residential Complexes | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Arezoo Hosseini1؛ Majid Salehinia2؛ Minoo Shafaei3؛ Bahram Saleh Sedgpour4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Graduate, Architecture and Urbanism Department, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Prof, of Architecture and Urbanism Department, Art University of Isfahan. | ||
| 3Prof. of Architecture and Urbanism Department, Art University of Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 4Associated Prof,. of Educational Psychology Departments, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran. Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Developmental psychologists believe that a kid's interaction with the environment is effective in the development of her/his physical and cognitive abilities. Children are important group of users of the middle area in residential environments. These places are dedicated to important part of the daily lives of children, so improving their quality can be effective on their overall development. The research literature review has shown that most recent researches focus on the characteristics of urban playgrounds, while the lack of playgrounds in residential areas has confirmed the necessity of paying attention to design of the middle area in residential complex for kid’s motivation to play. So, the present article is looking for the factors effective on kid’s motivation to play in the middle area of residential complexes. In this paper, mixed method (quantitative & qualitative) was used as the research method. Accordingly, theoretical framework of the research has been developed with a qualitative method and aimed at searching for skeletal-functional and cognitive-behavioral features effective on creating and enhancing kids’ motivation to play. On the other hand, the extent and quality of the impact of each component have been resulted in transforming of quantitative data into quantitative data. In this regard, using the survey based on the Delphi method, after the construction and validation of a research instrument, 100 architects’ attitude were questioned. Finally, physical-functional factors (controllability, child-centered legibility, natural stimulant factors and vitality of environment) and cognitive-behavioral factors (sensory stimulation and social interactions) affecting kids’ motivation to play were extracted. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Motivation to Play, Kids, Middle Area, Residential Complex, Environmental Affordances | ||
| مراجع | ||
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