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مدیریت بحران و روند ارزیابی ساختمانهای آسیب دیده از زلزله | ||
فناوری آموزش | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 2، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 8، مهر 1387، صفحه 209-224 اصل مقاله (1.28 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/tej.2008.1304 | ||
نویسنده | ||
اصغر وطنی اسکویی* | ||
دانشکده عمران،دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی،تهران،ایران | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 07 خرداد 1399، تاریخ پذیرش: 07 خرداد 1399 | ||
چکیده | ||
گرچه مکان و زمان رخداد زلزله ها کاملاً مشخص نیست ولی این واقعیتی است انکار ناپذیرکه کره خاکی با توجه به ساختارش هر از چند سالی انرژی خود را آزاد نموده و محیط طبیعی را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. با توجه با این که زمین هیچ وقت از ریسک دور نیست، کم کردن خطرات ناشی از ریسک در هر زمان امکان پذیر و مؤثر میباشد. با توجه به وسعت خرابی بعد از زلزله جهت ارزیابی وضعیت ساختمانهای موجود در منطقه زلزله زده نیاز به صدها و بعضا به هزاران مهندس ارزیاب که از قبل تعلیم دیدهاند، میباشد. جهت یکنواختی درارزیابی، نیاز به تهیه فرم های ساده و جامعی است که نحوه پرکردن آن آسان باشد تا بتوان اطلاعات لازم را با سرعت مناسب و در مدت زمان کوتاهی جمع آوری نمود. مدت زمان ارزیابی ساختمانهای آسیب دیده نقش مهمی نسبت به دیگر پارامترها در مدیریت بحران ایجاد شده، پس از یک زلزله مخرب، دارد. در ارزیابی کیفی ساختمانهای آسیب دیده مناسب که با بازدید چشمی مهندس ارزیاب همراه میباشد بستگی به تجربه و دانش مهندس ارزیاب جهت قضاوت در مورد ساختمانهای منطقه زلزله زده دارد. در این مقاله، علاوه بر بررسی مدیریت بحران، فرم ارزیابی کیفی ساختمانهای آسیب دیده با توجه به شرایط کشورمان تهیه و نحوه جمع آوری اطلاعات و ارزیابی ساختمانهای آسیب دیده ارائه شده است. جهت پردازش داده های جمع آوری شده برنامه کامپیوتری تهیه شده است. با توجه به فرم های فراهم شده و مقدار آسیب ایجاد شده، ساختمان ها به سه دسته با آسیب کم، متوسط و شدید که به ترتیب با رنگ های سبز، زرد و قرمز مشخص شده تقسیم بندی میشوند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آسیب پذیری کیفی؛ زلزله؛ مدیریت بحران؛ فرم ارزیابی؛ امداد رسانی | ||
موضوعات | ||
معماری | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Disaster Management and Post-Earthquake Assessment of Building Damage Procedure | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
A. Vatani Ouskouii | ||
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shahid Rajaei Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Perdition of location and occurring time of earthquake is impossible. It is realities that in each every year’s earthquake are occurred and it effects the natural environment. Of course, reduction of hazard from earthquake risk is possible. Post earthquake assessment some time needs hundred or thousands engineer. For uniform evaluation of inspection the simple form was needed. The inspectors before earthquake, must be learn how to filling inspection form. For uniform and objective evaluation of damages degree needs the inspection form must be simple and easy for collections data. After a destructive earthquake, inspection and assessment of building in short time is important. In the quality inspection is the visual inspection that needs the experience and knowledge of engineer, which want to use judgment and personality response. In this paper, in addition of managing in disaster, the inspection form and procedure of filling of the form was given. Finally the computer software for evaluation of collection the data was given. After earthquake, the building categorized into three parts, a-the building is safe and entry is unlimited (signed by Green color), b-the building as temporarily unusable, because is limited damaged (signed by Yellow color), c-the damage is extensive and building out of usage until the detailed inspection (signed by Red color). | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Qualitative vulnerability, earthquake, crisis management, evaluation form, relief | ||
مراجع | ||
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