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بهینهسازی چندمعیاره ویژگیهای پنجره در اقلیم گرم و خشک: ارزیابی یکپارچه بهرهوری انرژی، آسایش حرارتی و چرخه عمر ساختمان | ||
| معماری و شهرسازی پایدار | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 13، شماره 2، اسفند 1404، صفحه 71-90 اصل مقاله (2.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2026.11775.2307 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امیرمحمد حضرتی1؛ افسانه زرکش* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 11 فروردین 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 19 خرداد 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 16 مهر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پنجرهها بهعنوان یکی از تاثیرگذارترین عناصر نما، نقش محوری در عملکرد انرژی و آسایش حرارتی ساختمانها دارند و مسئول ۲۵ تا ۴۰ درصد از تلفات حرارتی ساختمانهای مسکونی و اداری هستند. با این حال، بیشتر مطالعات پیشین یا تنها به بهینهسازی مصرف انرژی پرداختهاند یا آسایش حرارتی را بررسی کردهاند، بدون توجه همزمان به اثرات زیستمحیطی چرخه عمر. این پژوهش با رویکردی جامع و یکپارچه، تأثیر ویژگیهای مختلف پنجره شامل نسبت مساحت پنجره به دیوار، نوع شیشه و جهتگیری پنجرهها را بر سه معیار بهرهوری انرژی، آسایش حرارتی و انتشار کربن چرخه عمر در یک مدرسه ابتدایی در شهر یزد با اقلیم گرم و خشک ارزیابی میکند. شبیهسازیها در چهل و هشت سناریو با استفاده از نرمافزار دیزاینبیلدر و بر اساس تغییرات نسبت مساحت پنجره به دیوار (۲۵، ۵۰، ۷۵ و ۱۰۰ درصد)، چهار جهتگیری (شمال، جنوب، شرق و غرب) و سه نوع شیشه (تکجداره، دوجداره کمگسیل و سهجداره کمگسیل) انجام شده است. نتایج نشان میدهد که شیشه سهجداره کمگسیل با نسبت مساحت پنجره به دیوار ۲۵ درصد در جهتگیری شمالی، کمترین مصرف انرژی سرمایشی (کاهش ۳۸ درصدی نسبت به شیشه تکجداره) را دارد، در حالی که شیشه تکجداره شفاف با نسبت مساحت پنجره به دیوار ۱۰۰ درصد در جهتگیری جنوبی، بهترین عملکرد گرمایشی (کاهش ۴۲ درصدی نیاز گرمایشی) را ارائه میدهد. از منظر آسایش حرارتی، شیشه سهجداره کمگسیل در تمام فصول سال پایدارترین شرایط را فراهم کرده و درصد افراد ناراضی را در ماههای گرم از ۵۵ به ۴۵ درصد کاهش داده است. تحلیل چرخه عمر ساختمان نشان داد که شیشه سهجداره با کاهش ۶۲ درصدی انتشار کربندیاکسید در طول سی سال عمر مفید ساختمان نسبت به شیشه تکجداره، گزینه بهینه برای طراحی پایدار در اقلیم گرم و خشک است. این یافتهها نشان میدهد که طراحی اصولی پنجرهها با در نظر گرفتن همزمان معیارهای انرژی، آسایش و زیستمحیطی، میتواند الگویی کارآمد برای ساختمانهای پایدار دراقلیمهای مشابه فراهم کند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بهرهوری انرژی؛ آسایش حرارتی؛ چرخه عمر ساختمان؛ نسبت مساحت پنجره به دیوار؛ جهتگیری پنجرهها | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Multi-criteria Optimization of Window Properties in Hot and Arid Climate: An Integrated Assessment of Energy Efficiency, Thermal Comfort, and Building Life Cycle | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amirmohammad Hazrati1؛ Afsaneh Zarkesh2 | ||
| 1PhD. Student, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares Uni., Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Prof., Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares Uni., Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Windows, as one of the most influential facade elements, play a pivotal role in building energy performance and thermal comfort, accounting for 25-40% of heat losses in residential and commercial buildings. However, most previous studies have focused either solely on energy optimization or thermal comfort assessment, without simultaneously considering the life cycle environmental impacts. This research employs a comprehensive and integrated approach to evaluate the impact of various window characteristics, including window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glass type, and window orientation, on three criteria: energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and life cycle carbon emissions in an elementary school building in Yazd, Iran, with a hot and arid climate. Simulations were conducted across forty-eight scenarios using DesignBuilder software, based on variations in WWR (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), four orientations (north, south, east, and west), and three glass types (single-pane clear, low-emissivity double-pane, and low-emissivity triple-pane). Results indicate that low-E triple-pane glass with 25% WWR in north orientation achieves the lowest cooling energy consumption (38% reduction compared to single-pane glass), while clear single-pane glass with 100% WWR in south orientation demonstrates optimal heating performance (42% reduction in heating demand). From a thermal comfort perspective, low-E triple-pane glass provides the most stable conditions throughout all seasons, reducing the percentage of dissatisfied occupants from 55% to 45% during hot months. Life cycle assessment revealed that triple-pane glass reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 62% over the building's thirty-year lifespan compared to single-pane glass, making it the optimal choice for sustainable design in hot and arid climates. These findings demonstrate that proper window design, considering energy, comfort, and environmental criteria simultaneously, can provide an effective framework for sustainable buildings in similar climates. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Energy efficiency, Thermal comfort, LCA, WWR, Window orientation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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