پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 11 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 237 |
| تعداد مقالات | 2,398 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 3,830,611 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,775,223 |
Risk-limiting audits for score voting systems | ||
| Journal of Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2، شهریور 2025، صفحه 207-221 اصل مقاله (309.02 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Full Length Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jdma.2025.11534.1108 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Hamid Devisti؛ Massoud Hadian* | ||
| School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I. R. Iran | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 21 آذر 1403، تاریخ بازنگری: 17 دی 1403، تاریخ پذیرش: 18 اسفند 1403 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Several voting systems are utilized to allocate both political and non-political positions across countries worldwide. Plurality voting and approval voting are among the most widely implemented electoral systems. Established statistical methods are employed to ensure the accuracy of vote counting and the validation of election results. Two fundamental approaches that significantly enhance the likelihood of identifying errors in election outcomes are Risk-limiting audit (RLA) and Bayesian audit (BA). These audit methods assess the security of elections using statistical tools, based on the random selection of cast votes and their interpretation as evidence supporting or contradicting the reported results. In this paper, we first examine the advantages of a specific form of approval voting, referred to as score voting, and then describe two types of risk-limiting audits to evaluate the accuracy of vote counting and the results. The proposed auditing method for score voting is adapted from the Ballot-polling risk-limiting audits to verify outcomes (BRAVO). Simulation results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of our approach. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| BRAVO method؛ fair voting؛ SPRT method | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] A. Bauer, A. Bender, A. Klima, H. K¨uchenhoff, Koala: a new paradigm for election coverage: An opinion poll-based ”now-cast” of probabilities of events in multi-party electoral systems, AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis 104 (2020) 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10182-019-00352-6 [2] M. Blom, P. Stuckey, V. Teague, Raire: Risk-limiting audits for irv elections, arXiv preprint arXiv:1903.08804 (2019). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1903.08804 [3] S. Brams, P. Fishburn, S. Merrill, The responsiveness of approval voting: Comments on saari and van newenhizen, Public Choice 59(2) (1988)121–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054448 [4] A. Dawid, M, Musio, Estimation of spatial processes using local scoring rules: Spatial special issue, AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis 97 (2013) 173–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10182012-0191-8 [5] T. Gneiting, A. Raftery, Strictly proper scoring rules, prediction, and estimation, Journal of the American statistical Association 102(477) (2007) 359–378. https://doi.org/ 10.1198/ 016214506000001437 [6] E.Herron, R.Pekkanen, M.Shugart, TheOxfordhandbookofelectoralsystems, OxfordUniversity Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258658.001.0001 [7] Z. Huang, R. Rivest, Ph. Stark, V. Teague, D. Vukcevi´c, A unified evaluation of two-candidate ballot-polling election auditing methods, In Electronic Voting: 5th International Joint Conference, E-Vote-ID 2020, Bregenz, Austria, Proceedings, 5 (2020) 112–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60347-2 8 [8] A. Hyv¨arinen, Some extensions of score matching, Computational statistics & data analysis 51(5) (2007) 2499–2512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2006.09.003 [9] K. Johnson, Election certification by statistical audit of voter-verified paper ballots, Available at SSRN640943, (2004). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.640943 [10] M. Lindeman, Ph. Stark, V. Yates, Bravo: Ballot-polling risk-limiting audits to verify outcomes, EVT/WOTE (2012). https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/evtwote12/evtwote12f inal27.pdf [11] R. Rivest, Clipaudit: a simple risk-limiting post-election audit, arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.08312 (2017). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1701.08312 [12] R. Rivest, E. Shen, A bayesian method for auditing elections, EVT/WOTE (2012). https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/evtwote12/rivest bayes rev 073112.pdf [13] A. Sarwate, S. Checkoway, H. Shacham, Risk-limiting audits and the margin of victory in nonplurality elections, Statistics, Politics, and Policy 4(1) (2013) 29–64. https://doi.org/10.1515/spp2012-0003 [14] Ph. Stark, Conservative statistical post-election audits, Ann. Appl. Stat. 2 (2008) 550–581. https://doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS161 [15] Ph. Stark, Sets of half-average nulls generate risk-limiting audits: Shangrla, Financial Cryptography and Data Security: FC 2020 International Workshops, AsiaUSEC, CoDeFi, VOTING, and WTSC, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, Revised Selected Papers 24(2020) 319–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54455-3 23 [16] Ph. Stark, V. Teague, A. Essex, Verifiable european elections: Risk-limiting audits for {D’Hondt} and its relatives, USENIX Journal of Election Technology and Systems (JETS) 1 (2014) 18–39. https://www.usenix.org/sites/default/files/jets 0301 issue.pdf [17] A. Wald, Sequential tests of statistical hypotheses, Ann. Math. Stat. 16(2) (1945) 117–186. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177731118 [18] R. Weber, Approval voting, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(1) (1971) 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.9.1.39 | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 301 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 303 |
||