پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 11 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 237 |
| تعداد مقالات | 2,398 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 3,830,612 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,775,223 |
اثرسنجی اصول طراحی شهری بر تغییر اقلیم در برشهای عرضی (مورد پژوهی: شهر مشهد) | ||
| معماری و شهرسازی پایدار | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 1، فروردین 1401، صفحه 123-139 اصل مقاله (1.95 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jsaud.2021.8202.1932 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا حسنی1؛ سید مجید مفیدی شمیرانی* 2؛ پریسا روشنی3 | ||
| 1استادیار، شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار طراحی شهری دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار، شهرسازی، گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 11 تیر 1400، تاریخ بازنگری: 18 آبان 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 21 آبان 1400 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نظام انسانساخت شامل ساختمانها، ترابری و صنعت، سهم قابلملاحظهای در پدیده تغییر اقلیم در جهان دارد. بستر اصلی ساختوسازهای بشر، شهرهاست. اصول شهرسازی نامناسب بهویژه در کشورهای کمتر توسعهیافته، در دهههای اخیر، پدیده گرمشدن کره زمین و تغییر اقلیم را چند برابر کرده است. لذا هدف نوشتار حاضر، بررسی میزان تأثیرگذاری اصول و شاخصهای طراحی شهرها بر پدیده تغییر اقلیم است. این پژوهش یک مطالعه کیفی است که در بخش عملی انجام شده. بر حسب هدف، پژوهش از نوع بنیادی دستهبندی میشود. در این راستا از رویکرد اثباتگرایی کمک گرفته و پایه اثباتگرایی نیز روش استدلال منطقی است. در روش استدلال منطقی از مدل ANP و منطق فازی استفاده میشود. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که ساختمانها با امتیاز 5729/0 بیشترین امتیاز را در برش عرضی 6 (هسته مرکزی شهر) به خود اختصاص داده. فضاهای تبادل و ترابری با امتیاز 1713/0 در برش عرضی سوم (بافت میانی) بالاترین امتیاز را کسب کرده است. فضاهای باز طبیعی، باز عمومی و خیابانها با امتیاز 8146/0 در برش عرضی اول (حومه و نواحی بکر) بیشترین امتیاز را در تأثیرگذاری بر پدیده تغییر اقلیم دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تغییر اقلیم؛ طراحی شهری؛ شهر مشهد؛ برش های عرضی شهر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of urban design principles on climate change in the urban transects of Mashhad | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Alireza Hasani1؛ Seyed MAjid Mofidi Shemirani2؛ Parisa Roshani3 | ||
| 1Assistant prof, Faculty member of Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Arts, Uni. of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Prof, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran Uni. of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant prof, Department of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad Uni, Bojnourd Branch, Bojnourd, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The man-made system, including buildings, transportation and industry, has a significant share in the phenomenon of climate change in the world. Cities are the mainstay of human construction. Inadequate urban planning principles, especially in less developed countries, have multiplied the phenomenon of global warming and climate change in recent decades. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of urban design principles and indicators on the phenomenon of climate change. This research is a qualitative study that has been done in the practical part. According to the purpose, research is categorized as applied. In this regard, the positivist approach has been used. The basis of positivism is the method of logical reasoning. The logical reasoning method uses the ANP model and fuzzy logic in positivism. The results of the research indicate that the buildings with a score of 0.5729 have the highest score in the sixth transect (central city center). Exchange and transportation spaces with the score of 0.1713 in the third transect (middle texture) has the highest score. Natural open spaces, public open spaces and streets with a score of 0.8146 in the first transect (suburbs and pristine areas) have the highest score in influencing the phenomenon of climate change. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Climate change, urban design, Mashhad city, urban | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Agenda 21. (1992). Brazil: United Nations Conference on Environment & Development. Ahmed Memon, R., Leung, D. Y., & Chunho, L. (2008). A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 120–128. Akbari, H., Cartalis, C., Kolokotsa, D., Muscio, A., Pisello, A. L., Rossie, F., . . . Zinzig, M. (2016). Local Climate Change and Urban Heat Island Mitigation Techniques – The State of the Art. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 22(1), 1–16. doi:10.3846/13923730.2015.1111934 Andalib, A. (2011). Method of compiling master's and doctoral dissertations. Tehran: Azarakhsh. [in Persian]. Bakhtiar, M., & Rahimi, N. (2006). Kyoto Protocol, Approaches and Challenges (Analytical Article). environmental science and technology, 29, 79-93.[in Persian] Balestrieri, M., Maciocco, G., & Puscedd, C. (2018). Climate-Change Adaptation: New Paradigms for Environmental Urban Planning. In Integrated Evaluation for the Management of Contemporary Cities;Green Energy . Springer International Publishing . doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78271-3_28 Behzadfar, M., Roshani, P., Habibi, K., & Zarabadi, Z. S. (2019). Integration model of urban space network with a new urbanism approach. Tehran: Tahan.[in Persian] Cobbinah, P. B. (2021). Urban resilience in climate change hotspot. Land Use Policy, 104948. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104948 Duany, A., & Plater-Zyberk, E. (2014). Definitions of principles and criteria of new urbanism. (A. Hassani, P. Roshani, & H. hatami Nejad, Trans.) Mashhad: Papli Publications.[in Persian] Farshchi, R. (2009, Spring&Summer). Architecture in the Age of Climate Change. Sofe, 18(48), 65-78.[in Persian]
Geertman, S., Toppen, F., & Stillwell, J. (2013). Planning Support Systems for Sustainable Urban Development. USA: springer. Haji Ismail, F., Shahrestani, M., Vahdati, M., Boyd, P., & Donyavi, S. (2021). climate change and the energy performance of buildings in the future. Journal of Building Engineering, 39, 102285. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102285 Hassani, A. (2019). Explaining the principles of urban design with a climate change approach. Tehran: Doctoral dissertation of Iran University of Science & Technology.[in Persian] Hassani, A., & Mofidi Shemirani, S. M. (2020). Theoretical interaction of principles and indicators of urban design in adaptation to climate change and redefining its position. Urban planning knowledge, 4(1), 97-112.In Persian. doi:10.22124/upk.2020.14732.1317 Juul Madsen, S., & Hansen , T. (2018). Cities and climate change – examining advantages and challenges of urban climate change experiments. European Planning Studies, 282-299. doi:10.1080/09654313.2017.1421907 (1997). Kyoto Protocol . COP3. IPCC. Lang, J. (2005). Urban Design: A Typology of Procedures and Products. Oxford: Architectural Press. Leal Filho, W., & Nalau, J. (2018). Limits to Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing. Mega, V. P. (2010). Sustainable Cities for the Third Millennium: The Odyssey of Urban Excellence. USA: Springer. Mofidi Shemirani, S. M. (2007). Stability and energy. Sustainable urban development (p. In Persian). Tehran: Faculty of fine arts. Mofidi Shemirani, S. M., & Mamqani Qazi Jahani, M. (2012). Experimental principles of designing sustainable buildings for desert areas. City identity, 79-84.[in Persian] Mofidi Shemirani, S. M., Ghiaei, M. M., & Mahdavinia, M. (2008). Understanding the place of sustainable thinking in the architectural design. Sakht shahr, 25-38.[in Persian] Moughtin, C., Cuesta, R., Sarris , C., & Signoretta , P. (1999). URBAN DESIGN:METHOD AND TECHNIQUES. oxford: Architectural Press. Nowruzian Maleki, S., Hosseini, S. B., & Rezaei, M. (2010). Architecture in the Age of Climate Change. Housing and village environment, 20-31.In Persian. Official newspaper of the Islamic Republic of Iran. (2011, 11 11). Retrieved from http://www.rooznamehrasmi.ir/Laws/ Oragwa, M. (2021). Climate Change. In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology (pp. 1398-1407 ). IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3479-3.ch095 Pamukcu-Albers, P., Ugolini, F., La Rosa, D., R. Grădinaru, S., C. Azevedo, J., & Wu, J. (n.d.). Building green infrastructure to enhance urban resilience to climate change and pandemics. Picket, S., Cadenasso, M., & McGrath, B. (2012). Resilience in Ecology and Urban Design Linking Theory and Practice for Sustainable Cities. USA: springer. Purdihimi, S. (2011). Climatic Language in Sustainable Environmental Design: Application of Climatology in Environmental Planning and Design (Large and Medium Scale). Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University. [in Persian] Reckien , D., Flacke, J., Dawson, R., Heidric, O., Olazabal , M., Foley , A., . . . Pietrapertosa, F. (2014). Climate change response in Europe: what’s the reality?Analysis of adaptation and mitigation plans from 200 urban areas in 11 countries. Climatic Change, 331-340. Salleha, S. A., Zulkiflee, A., Wan Mohd, L., Mohda, N. W., & Chanb, A. (2013). Factors Contributing to the Formation of an Urban Heat. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 840 – 850. Sarralde, J. J., Quinn, D. J., Wiesmann, D., & Steemers, K. (2013). Solar energy and urban morphology: Scenarios for increasing the renewable energy potential of neighbourhoods in London. Renewable Energy, 142-146. Soltani, A., Mehraein, M., & Sharifi, E. (2012). URBAN FEATURES AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION AT LOCAL LEVEL. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 43-47. Srivastav, A. (2019). The Science and Impact of climate change. Springer Singapore . United Nations Climate Change. (2019, October 12). Retrieved from https://unfccc.int/ Wenga, Q., Lub, D., & Schubrin, J. (2003). Estimation of land surface temperature–vegetation abundance relationship for urban heat island studies. Remote Sensing of Environment, 467–483. www.ipcc.ch. (2020, January 25). Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/ www.un.org. (2020, January 25). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/development-agenda/ www.urbandesign.org. (2020, January 17). Retrieved from http://www.urbandesign.org | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 794 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 648 |
||