Failure analysis of St12 steel during expansion forming by SCDA: a combined simulation and experimental approach

Alavi, S. A.; Seyedkashi, S. M. H.; Rakhshkhorshid, M.

doi:10.22061/jcarme.2026.12353.2702

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	Failure analysis of St12 steel during expansion forming by SCDA: a combined simulation and experimental approach
Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 05 مرداد 1405 اصل مقاله (886.76 K)
نوع مقاله: Research Paper
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22061/jcarme.2026.12353.2702
نویسندگان
S. A. Alavi¹؛ S. M. H. Seyedkashi^* ¹؛ M. Rakhshkhorshid²
¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, South Khorasan, 97175-376, Iran
²Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, South Khorasan, Birjand, 9719866981, Iran
تاریخ دریافت: 13 مرداد 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 01 مرداد 1405، تاریخ پذیرش: 05 مرداد 1405
چکیده
This study investigates crack formation and rupture in a newly developed "SCDA expansion forming", which utilizes the pressure generated by a soundless chemical demolition agent (SCDA). The research integrates experimental analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) to examine the forming of a 1 mm thick St12 low-carbon steel sheet into a dome shape. The experimental phase involved using Green Rock SCDA within a rigid steel die under test conditions of 75°C temperature, 25% water content, and 300 g mixture mass. The corresponding FEA was performed in Abaqus, applying the forming limit diagram (FLD) damage model criteria to predict necking instability and crack formation. The results from both the simulation and the experimental tests demonstrated that rupture occurs in the areas between the dome's center and its corners. FEA revealed that the maximum plastic strain and stress are concentrated in these central regions, leading to localized thinning and eventual failure. The experimental findings confirmed the location of the crack, thereby validating the accuracy of the numerical model. Analysis of the fracture surface via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated a ductile fracture mechanism, characterized by dimples formed through a combination of shear and tensile modes.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Sheet metal forming؛ Soundless chemical demolition agent؛ Finite element analysis؛ Volume expansion؛ Crack growth

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Failure analysis of St12 steel during expansion forming by SCDA: a combined simulation and experimental approach